VHS Virus

Cultivated fish diseases

Compilation: Professor Baba Mukhir

Publisher: Tehran University Publishers

Sixth Edition

Introduction

Professor Baba Mukhir

Born: 1320

Place of Birth: Ardabil

Background

P.H.D of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran

Master of Oceanography from the University of Paris

P.H.D of Biological Sciences (Oceanography) from the University of Paris

World’s best veterinarian in 1997

Man of the year 1998 (Cambridge International Biography Center)

His most important works are:

Cultivated fish disease
Persian Gulf fish
Agricultural Culture and Natural Resources

VHS Virus

Acute VHS Form - Acute - Internal Signs

General bleeding
Liver: Dark ruby
Liver: Bloody or with reddish spots or red veins
Kidney: Red
Kidney: Usually thin and slender

Acute form of VHS - Acute - external signs

Severe and rapid deaths
Dark
Eye protrusion clearly – one-sided
Bleeding on the gills
Bleeding in the tissue and around the eyes – red light
Pectoral fins in reddish

Rates and Factors of Loss

From 7% to 78%

Trout size

How to feed

Density

Pool temperature

VHS Nervous System - External Signs

By recognizing fish movements
Spiral movements towards the pool bed or outlet fence
Seizures on one side
Contractile motions on the water
The percentage of disease is low in the neurologic form
There is no particular mark in distinguishing this fish from healthy fish
Exceptions: Contracted belly
The gills have a natural red color

Chronic VHS Form - External Signs

Low casualties
Dark and almost black color
Eye protrusion – Severe – Bilateral
Severe anemia in the eyes
Anemic gills generally pale color
Anemia white gills gray
Ascites

Chronic VHS Form - Internal Signs

Bleeding Into Swimming Bag
Liver: pale grayish
Liver : In case of liver fat disease, yellow color
Kidney: Grayish
Kidney: swollen
Kidney: Massive
Kidney: Raging

Geographical spread and outbreak

First time in European countries
Italy in the waters of the river that was in chronic state at the time of the catch
France
Germany
Denmark

Sensitivity and resistance

Salmon are susceptible to and infected with VHS
From 4 – 8 cm to a weight of 200 – 300 grams susceptible to disease
Productive fish and infants are resistant to the disease
Carp
Red speckled trout (not absolute)
Squalius Sephalus

Transfer Method

Water
Stools and feces of infected fish
Heron
Upstream farms
Egg Supplies
Infected productive fish